|
The Indian Analyst
|
|
South Indian Inscriptions |
EPIGRAPHIA INDICA word sendûra in the following cases :─ My ink-impression of the Saundatti inscription of A.D. 1096 or thereabouts shews that in line 24, where my published text, Jour. Bo. Br. R. As. Soc. Vol. X. p. 196, gives sindhûra-lâñchhanaṁ, the original has sendûra-lâñchhanaṁ : the vowel of the first syllable is unmistakably e, ê, not i ; and in the second syllable the n and the û are unmistakable, and the subscript consonant, somewhat blurred, either is an original d, or else is an original dh corrected into d. And my ink-impression of the inscription at the temple of Aṅkalêśvara or Aṅkuśêśvara at Saundatti, which, though not published, has been mentioned by me elsewhere,[1] shews distinctly sendûra-lâṁchchhanaṁ in line 24, in the description of Aṅka in the passage of A.D. 1048, and again in line 59, in the description of Kârtavîrya II. in the passage of A.D. 1087. We thus have, well established, the two forms sindûra and sendûra or sêndûra, both used in the Raṭṭa records. And we have now to determine the meaning of the word. Now, we have in Sanskṛit two words, sindhura, with the aspirated dh and the short u, meaning ‘ an elephant,’ and sindûra, with the unaspirated d and the long û, meaning ‘ red lead, minium, vermilion,’ and ‘ a particular kind of tree or plant.’
Dr. Kittel’s Kannaḍa-English Dictionary (1894) gives sindhûra, with the long û but still with the aspirated dh, as a variant of sindhura, and only with the meaning of ‘ an elephant.’ His authority for it is the Nânârtharatnâkara, 26. I am not able to examine that work. But I notice that Gangadhar Madiwaleshwar Turmari’s Kanarese Vocabulary (1869) gives siṁdhûra, with the long û and the aspirated dh, with the meanings both of ‘ elephant ’ and of kuṅkuma, ‘ saffron,’ the use of which for certain purposes was much the same as the use of sindûra ; and, further, it brackets siṁdhura, with the short u, in such a way as to attribute to it, also, the meaning of kuṅkuma, for which, however, I cannot trace any other authority. And so, also, Reeve and Sanderson’s Canarese Dictionary (1858) gives sindhura and sindhûra, with both the short u and the long û and with the aspirated dh, as meaning both ‘ red lead ’ and ‘ an elephant.’ In addition to giving sindhûra as another form of sindhura, Dr. Kittel’s Dictionary further presents sindhura, with the short u and the unaspirated d, as a tadbhava-corruption of sindhura. The authority quoted for this is the Śabdamaṇidarpaṇa of Kêśirâja, Dr. Kittel’s own edition (1872), p. 339. And there, under the illustrations of sûtra 255, which teaches amongst other things the change of dh to d, we certainly have “ siṁdhuraṁ = siṁduraṁ.” Here, however, the short u is preserved ; and the corruption of sindhura, thus presented, is not sindûra with the long û. This corruption, sindhura, is not given in Gangadhar Madiwaleshwar’s Vocabulary, or in Reeve and Sanderson’s Dictionary. To the other word, sindûra, Dr. Kittel’s Dictionary assigns only meaning of ‘ red lead, minium.’ And, as tadbhava-corruptions of this word, it gives chandra (2), with chandara, chendara (1) and chendira (1), and also sendura, with the short e and u, and sêndûra, with the long ê and û, and both with the unaspirated d. Reeve and Sanderson’s Dictionary does not include sendura or sêndûra. Gangadhar Madiwaleshwa’s Vocabulary does not present sendura or sêndûra ; but it does present sêṁdhûra, with the long ê and û and with the aspirated dh, as another form of siṁdûra. I do not find this last form anywhere else. For sêndûra, as a corruption of sindûra, Dr. Kittel has quoted only Gangadhar Madiwaleshwar’s Vocabulary. But, as I have just said, that Vocabulary presents, not sêṁdûra with the unaspirated d, but sêṁdhûra with the aspirated dh. For sendura, as a corruption of sindûra, Dr. Kittel has quoted, with another authority which I am not able to examine, the Śabdamaṇidarpaṇa of Kêśirâja. his own edition (1872), p. 357. There, however, under the illustration to sûtra 271 which teaches amongst other things that i becomes e, we have “ siṁdhûraṁ = seṁdhuraṁ.” In respect of this, I can only say that _______________________________ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
