South Indian Inscriptions

EPIGRAPHIA INDICA

srî-Kulôttuṅga-Śôladêva[r]ku yâṇḍu 17âvadu Miduna-nâyar[ru] apara-pakshattu trai(tra)yôdasiyum Viyâla-kkilamaiyum perra Urôśaṇi-[nâḷ].

“ In the 17th year (of the reign) of the emperor of the three worlds, the glorious Kulôttuṅga-Chôḷadêva, who was pleased to the Madurai and the crowned head of the Pâṇḍya,─ on the day of Rôhiṇî, which corresponded to a Thursday and to the thirteenth tithi of the second fortnight of the month of Mithuna.”

The date undoubtedly corresponding to Thursday, the 8th June A.D. 1195, which was the 13th day of the month of Mithuna, and on which the nakshatra was Rôhiṇî for 9 h. 51 m. (or 9 h. 12 m.) after mean sunrise. As the 13th tithi of the dark half (of Jyaishṭha) ended on this day only a minute or two after true sunrise, I should have expected the writer to quote the 14th tithi instead of the 13th.

71.─ In the Ikshupurîśvara temple at Kôvilveṇṇi.[1]

1 . . . . . . . . . T[i]r[i]buvanachchakkaravatt[i]gaḷ Ma-
2 duraiyum Pâṇḍiyun muḍi-ttalaiyuṅ=go[ṇ]ḍ-aruḷiya [ś]î-[Ku]-
3 lôttuṅga-Śôladêvarkku yâ[ṇ]ḍu pattonbadabadu=Kkani-^[2]nâ-
4 yarru=ppûr[va*]-pakshattu navamiyum Tiṅga[ḷ]-kilamaiyum perra At[ta]- 5 nâḷ.

“ In the nineteenth year (of the reign) of the emperor of the three worlds, the glorious Kulôttuṅga-Chôḷadêva, who was pleased to the Madurai and the crowned head of the Pâṇḍya,─ on the day of Harsha, which corresponded to a Monday and to the ninth tithi of the first fortnight of the month of Kanyâ.”

The date is intrinsically wrong became the nakshatra on the 9th tithi of a bright half in the month of Kanyâ cannot be Hasta. The equivalent of the date apparently is Monday, the 2nd September A.D. 1196, which was the 6th day of the month of Kanyâ, and on which the 9th tithi of the bright half (of Bhâdrapada) ended 22 h. 22 m. after mean sunrise. The nakshatras on this day were Mûla and Pûrvâshâḍhâ.

72.- In the Vâmanapurîśvara temple at Tirumâṇikuli.^[3]

1 S[va]sti srî [||*] T[iribu]vanachchakkara[va]ttiga[ḷ] Ma[d]urai koṇḍu Pâṇ[ḍiya]n muḍi-ttalai-
2 yuṅ=goṇḍ-aruḷina śrî-Kulôttuṅga-Śôladêvarku y[â[ṇḍu pattonbadâ-
3 vadu Ṛishabha-nâyarru ârân=diyadiy=âna pûrvva-pakshattu dvâdaśiyum Budan- kilam[ai]yum perra [A]-
4 ttattu nâḷ.

“ In the nineteenth year (of the reign) of the emperor of the three worlds, the glorious Kulôttuṅga-Chôḷadêva, who, having taken Madurai, was please to take also the crowned head of the Pâṇḍya,─ on the day of Hasta, which corresponded to a Wednesday and to the twelfth tithi of the first fortnight, which was the sixth solar day of the month of Ṛishabha.”

The date corresponds to Wednesday, the 30th April A.D. 1197, which was the 6th day of the month of Ṛishabha,^[4] and on which the 12th tithi of the bright half (of Vaiśâkha) ended 19 h. 37 m., while the nakshatra was Hasta, by the equal space system and according to Garga for 7 h. 13 m., and by the Brahma-siddhânta for 3 h. 56 m., after mean sunrise.

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^[1] No. 387 of the Government Epigraphist’s collection for 1902.
^[2] Read Pattonbadâvadu=Kkanni-.
^[3] No. 161 of the Government Epigraphist’s collection for 1902.
^[4] The Ṛishabha-saṁskrânti took place 14 h. 4 m. after mean sunrise of the 24th April A.D. 1197.