South Indian Inscriptions

  Tiruvarur Temple Inscriptions

No. 66. On the outside of the north enclosure.

Tiruvaraneri or Araneri (Araneri) at Tiruvarur; Tirumandali (Paravaiyun-Mandali) at Tiruvarur; Tirumulattanam (Mulattanam at Tiruvarur); Tiruvamagalam (Magalam) at Ambar; Tirukkaronam or Karonam at Nagapattanam ((nagai); Tiruvachchiramam ((Achchiramam) at Pachchil; Tiruppadali-Isvara (Padalichcharam) at Pambuni; Vadatali at Paraiyaru (Paraiyagai); Ambalam, Ponnambalam, Tillai, Porkoyil-Tillai, or Manram ((Sidambaram); Amattur; Kadambur; Kandiyur; Karayil (Karayal); Karuvur; Kottur; Nallur; Nannilam; Niyamam (Parudi-Niyamam); Orriyur (Tiruvorriyur); Pandananallur; Paruvur (Tirupparuvur); Talaiyalangadu; Tiruchchorrutturai (Sorrutturai); Tirukkolambudur (Kollambudur); Tirumaraikkadu or Maraikkadu ((Vedaraniyam); Tirunettanam (Neyttanam) Tirupparanam; Tiruppuvanam or Puvanam; Tiruttengur (Tengur); Tiruvaiyaru or Aiyaru; Tiruvalangadu; Tiruvanaikka;[1] Tiruvedigudi (Vedigudi); Tiruvidaimarudil (Tiruvidaimarudur); Tunganai (Tunganai-Mada); Vadavayil (Vadamullaivayil); Vayalur (Viyalur); and Ven-kadu (Tiruvenkadu).

A few of the women are called after Vaishnava shrines which are mentioned in the Nalayiraprabhandham, viz., Arangam (Srirangam), Tiruvengadam (Tirumalai), Ali (Tiruvali), and Sikurugur (Tirukkurugur). Others were transferred to Tanjavur from temples which, to judge from the second part of their names,[2] belong to the Vaishnava sect, viz., Avaninarayana-Vinnagar at Ambar, Sritari-Vinnagar at Arapuram, and Sripudi-Vinnagar at Pambuni.

1.     Translation.

To Sirudaiyal, a girl of Periyatalichcheri, (a quarter) of Tiruvarur, (who resides in) the thirty-eighth house, one share.

To Sodi[vila]kku, a girl of the Brahmisvara, (temple at Tiruvarur, (who resides in) the forty-sixth house, one share.

To [Madevi], a girl of Periyatalichcheri, (a quarter) of Tiruvarur, (who resides in) the fourth house, one share.

To [Nam]bu[gari], a girl of the Tiruvaraneri-Isvara (temple) at Tiruvarur, (who resides in) the fifty-ninth house, one share.

To Muvargandi, a girl of the [Brahmi]svara (temple) at Tiruvarur, (who resides in) the first house of the southern row of the [temple street on the north (of the temple)], one share.

To Pandal, a girl of Periyatalichcheri, (a quarter) of Tiruvarur, (who resides in) the seventh house, one share.

To [M}o[di], a girl of the Arumori-Isvara (temple) at Tiruvarur, (who resides in) the sixteenth house, one share.

To [Si]ttiravalli, a girl of the Tiruvaraneri-Isvara (temple) at Tiruvarur, (who resides in) the twenty-fifth house, one share.

To Sikandi, a girl of the Tirumandali (temple) at Tiruvarur, (who resides in) the twenty-eighth house, one share.

To Pakkari, a girl of the Mallisvara (temple) at Tiruvarur, (who resides in) the thirtieth house, one share.

To Pon, a girl of the Brahmisvara (temple) at Tiruvarur, (who resides in) the thirty-first house, one share.

To Ekaviri, a girl of the Arumori-Isvara (temple) at Tiruvarur, (who resides in) the thirty-fourth house, one share.

To Sikurugur, a girl of Periyatalichcheri, (a quarter) of Tiruvarur, (who resides in) the sixty-ninth house, one share.

To Pork[ali], a girl of Periyatalichcheri, (a quarter) of Tiruvarur, (who resides in) the eighty-fourth house, one share.

To Nit[tang]ai, a girl of the Tirumandali (temple) at Tiruvarur, (who resides in) the ninetieth house, one share.

To Siriya-Umai, a girl of the Parantaka-Isvara (temple), (who resides in) the ninety-first house, one share.

To Kamamogi, a girl of the lJayabhimatali (temple) at Tanjavur, (who resides in) the ninety-second house, one share.

To [Si]riya-[Ara]vam, a girl of Periyatalichcheri, (a quarter) of Tiruvarur, (who resides in) the seventh house, one share.

To Kamuttiri, a girl of Periyatalichcheri, (a quarter) of Tiruvarur, (who resides in) the twenty-sixth house, one share.

To Karuvur, a girl of the Tirumandali-Isvara (temple) at Tiruvarur, (who resides in) the twenty-ninth house, one share.

To [Pa]ttali, a girl of the Ulagisvara (temple) at Tiruvarur, (who resides in) the sixty-first house, one share.

To[Vi]llava[nmadevi], a girl of Periyatalichcheri, (a quarter) of Tiruvarur, (who resides in) the sixty-sixth house, one share.

To Vembi, a girl of Periyatalichcheri, (a quarter) of Tiruvarur, (who resides in) the seventy-eighth house, lone share.

To Na[k]kan Peruman, a native of Kirkkudai in Tiruvarur-kurram, (a subdivision) of Kshatriyasikhamani-valanadu, two shares.

No. 68. On the outside of the north enclosure. The text of the historical introduction has been compared with that of two similar inscriptions of Vikrama-Chola, one of the 5th year of his reign in the Tyagaraja temple at Tiruvarur in the Negapatam talluqa (No. 164 of 1894) and another of the 11th year in the Apatsahayesvara temple[3] at Alangudi in the Kumbhakonam talluqa (No. 165 of 1894). Other inscriptions of Vikrama-Chola open with a much shorter historical introduction, the first words of which are poomaadhu poonara, viz., one of the 9th year in the Arulala-Perumal temple at Tiruvattiyur or Little Conjeevaram (No. 33 of 1893), one of the same year and one of the 14th year at Pallavaram in the Chingleput talluqa. These inscriptions mention the burning, or conquest, of the Kalinga country[4] and the name of one of Vikrama-Chola’s queen, viz., Mukkokkiranadi, and must, accordingly, belong to the time of the same king as the other set, the introductions of which open with the words poomaalai midainthu. Thanks to the calculations of Mr. S. B. Dikshit and Professor Kielhorn, I am able to state the probable day of the accession of Vikrama-Chola. The third line of the Tiruvarur inscription to which reference was made in the preceding paragraph, contains the following date: - “In the fifth year (of the reign) of Ko-Parakesarivarman, alias the emperor of the three worlds, Sri-Vikrama-Choladeva, — on the three-hundred-and-fortieth day, which was (the day of) Attam (i.e., the nakshatra Hasta), a Sunday, and the seventh tithi of the first fortnight of the month of Mithuna.” On this date Mr. Dikshit remarks as follows: — “Assuming that Vikrama-Chola began to reign in A.D. 1112, his 5th year would be about A.D. 1116. Having made calculations for 1115, 1116 and 1117, I find that A.D. 1116 is the only year, which corresponds with the details of the given date. In that year, Ashadha sukla 7 ended on Sunday, the 18th June, at about 21 hours after sunrise. This was the 25th day of the solar month Mithuna. On this day, at sunrise, the nakshatra was Uttara-Phalguni, which ended at 7 hours 48 minutes after sunrise, when the nakshatra Hasta commenced.” In this important paper on ‘dates of Chola kings,’ which will appear in Vol. IV of the Epigraphia Indica, Professor Kielhorn adds the following remark: — “If the above were the day of the date, the 1st day of the 5th year of Vikrama-Chola’s reign would be the 15th July, A.D. 1115; and the 1st day of the 1st year [i.e., the day of his accession to the throne] would be Saturday, the 15th July, A.D. 1111.” [1] One of the women is called Tiruvennaval (112), which is the name of the sacred jambu tree in the Tiruvanaikka (Jambukesvara) temple ‘ see p. 253. [2] Vinnagar is probably a corruption of Vishnugriha; see p. 115, note 6. [3] In its inscriptions and in the Periyapuranam this temple is called Irumbulai, a name,  which is even now remembered at Alangudi. [4] One of the Pallavaram inscriptions reads kalingameriya, while the other Pallavaram one and the Tiruvattiyur one read kalingamiriya.

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