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The Indian Analyst
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South Indian Inscriptions |
EPIGRAPHIA INDICA and that his own queen Vijāmbā was a great-granddaughter of the same Kōkkalla I.[1] As yet there was no clear evidence of a struggle between Indra III and the Kalachuris. The other epithet pointing to his success in the north seems to refer to his conquest of Mahōdaya (Kanauj in the Farrukhabad District, U. P.) which was the capital of the Gurjara-Pratihāras. According to a Record[2] of Gōvinda IV, son Indra III, his father’s cavalry crossed the Yamunā at Kālapriya (modern Kalpi in the Jalaun District, U. P.) and destroyed the city of Mahōdaya. It is difficult to determine whether nāśita-kām-ātmā, ‘ destroyer of the licentious ’, alludes to any particular event in the king’s career. Verses 16-20 introduce a subordinate of the Rāshṭrakūṭa king. It is said that, when Indra III (915-28 A.D.) was reigning, there was a ruler named Madhumati who belonged to the Tājika (i.e. Arab) community, and that he had received the entire maṇḍala or territorial division of Saṁyāna from Kṛishṇarāja (Kṛishṇa II, 878-915 A.D.). Madhumati is no doubt the Sanskritised form of the Arabic name Muḥammad.[3] This Arab chief was thus appointed the governor of Saṁyāna by Kṛishṇa II and was continuing in his post during the rule of Indra III. It is stated that Madhumati conquered the chiefs of all the harbours (vēlākula) of the neighbourhood, apparently on behalf of his master, and placed his own officials in them (verse 18). Verse 19 says that Madhumati’s other name was Sugatipa and that he was the son of Sahiyārahāra or Hiyārahāra or Yārahāra. Unfortunately it is difficult to determine the Arabic forms of these two names under their Indian garb. Verse 20 says how this Arab governor of Saṁyāna established free ferry on two streams [near Saṁyāna, apparently on the Sanjan river] and also a feeding house [at Saṁyāna] where Śāli rice, curries and ghee were catered free of cost. Verse 21 states that Madhumati Sugatipa’s minister was Puvvaiya.
Verse 22 states that there was a Brāhmaṇa named Nārāyaṇa-bhaṭṭa who was the son of Vāsudēva and belonged to the Bhāradvāja gōtra. This Nārāyaṇa-bhaṭṭa had a son named Annaiya (later also called Annammaiya) who was a friend of Madhumati-Sugatipa’s minister Puvvaiya and an obedient servant of Nityavarsha (i.e. Indra III). Annaiya or Annammaiya constructed a maṭhikā, i.e. a monastery or temple, at Saṁyāna. The next stanza (verse 23) says that he also created an endowment consisting of landed property with the permission of Nityavarsha (Indra III). The nature of his endowment is made clear in the following part of the record in prose. The prose portion in lines 27 ff. states that, at the request of Annammaiya (the same as Annaiya of verse 22) who belonged to the Bhāradvāja gōtra and Maitrāyaṇī śākhā and was the son of Narāyaṇa-bhaṭṭa and grandson of Vāsudēva, Sugatipa alias Madhumati made a grant of the village of Kāṇāḍuka situated in the Kōlimahāra vishaya within Saṁyāna-maṇḍala (cf. iha in line 32) together with half a Dhura of land in the village of Dēvīhara (cf. line 39), with the permission of Paramabhaṭṭāraka Mahārājādhirāja Paramēśvara Indrarājadēva (Indra III). The Dhur is regarded as 1/20 of a Biswa which is 1/20 of a Bighā. But the word used in our record possibly indicates a bigger area of land. The purpose of the creation of the endowment was that the income accruing to it would be utilised for the repairs of the maṭhikā constructed by Annaiya or Annammaiya and also for the offering of naivēdya to the goddess Dāśamī (apparently a form of the Mother-goddess Durgā or Pārvatī often called merely the ______________________________________________
[1] Cf. Ind. Ant., Vol. XII, p. 250.
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