South Indian Inscriptions

EPIGRAPHIA INDICA

The Subsidiary Record at the Top of the Stone.

(L. 20)─Hail ! While Bûtuga (II), having fought and killed Râchamalla, the son of the illustrious Ereyapa, was governing the ninety-six thousand :─

(L. 20)─ At the time when Kannaradêva was fighting against the Chôla, Bûtuga (II.), while embracing ^[1]Râjâditya, treacherously^[2] stabbed him with a dagger, and thus fought and killed him ; and Kannaradêva gave to Bûtuga, in token of approbation, the Banavase twelve-thousand, the Beḷvola three-hundred, the Purigere three-hundred, the Kisukâḍ. seventy, and the Bâgenâḍ. seventy.

(L. 21)─ Being pleased with the manner in which Maṇalera stood out in front of him and pierced (his foes), Bûtuga gave (to him), as a bâlgachehu-grant,^[3] the Âtukûr twelve and the village of Kâdiyûr[4] of (the) Beḷvola (district). May there be auspicious and great good fortune !

Further Remarks on the Western Gaṅgas of Taḷakâḍ.

I have spoken, on page 40 above, of certain additions, modifications, and corrections, which I should have liked to be able to make in my article in Vol. V. above, pp. 151 to 180, before it was published, but which, for the reason given, it was impracticable to introduce into it. I enter on that subject now. And, to accompany my remarks, I give, on page 59 below, a revised table of the Western Gaṅgas of Talakâḍ,^[5] including the necessary alterations up to date.

In the way of additions, it is only necessary, at present, to state that an inscription at Kûragallu^[6] gives us the name of Paramabbe (of Saramabbe) as the wife of Bûtuga I., and that an inscription at Elkûru^[7] gives us a Gaṅga prince subsequent to Râchamalla II. : the record does not disclose his proper name ; but he was a Nîtimârga, with the birudas of Jayadaṅkakâra, “the champion of victory,”^[8] and probably Komaraveḍeṅga, “ a marvel among princes ; ”^[9] and the record furnishes for him the date of the Vikârin saṁvatsara, Śaka-Saṁvat 921 (expired), =A.D. 999-1000, without any specification of the month.^[10]

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^[1] Bisu-geye. We have to find here the opportunity for stabbing Râjâditya treacherously. Mr. Rice’s translation gives “ making Râjâditya angry ;” but there is no point in such a rendering. I originally translated “ while they were taking the air together,” on the authority of Reeve and Sanderson’s Dictionary giving bisuge in the sense of ‘ going abroad, taking an airing ;’ but it seems that bisuge does not really occur in that meaning. Mr. Kittel says that he has no hesitation in translating “ when he made close connection (with him), i.e., probably, when he embraced him,”─connecting the first part of the compound with, I suppose, bisu, 3, ‘ to unite firmly, to solder ; to join, to be united,’ and this at once suggests a suitable meaning, namely, that pretended overtures of peace were made, and that Râjâditya was stabbed at a meeting that took place between him and Bûtuga.
^[2] Kaḷḷan=âgi ; lit. “ having become a thief ; as a thief.”
^[3] See page 52 above, and note 4.
^[4] Or Kâḍiyûr.
^[5] The numbers before some of the names indicate the members of the family who actually ruled, or probably ruled, over the Gaṅgavâḍi province, and the order in which the succession went. When the exact relationship between two consecutive individuals is not established, dots are used instead of lines.
^[6] Ep. Carn. Vol. IV., Hs. 92 ; and see page 69 below, note 1.
^[7] Ibid., Ch. 10.
^[8] This biruda is rather exceptional and peculiar ; because aṅkakâra is usually, and most naturally, preceded by a proper name, and jayada, or any word of that sort, is usually followed by uttaraṁga. But we have an analogy for it, in the case of Tapadaṅkakâra, “ the champion of penance or asceticism,” which occurs as a biruda or epithet of a Śaiva priest named Varêśvara in line 38 of a Baḷagâmi inscription of A.D. 1096 (my P. S. O. -C. Inscrs. No. 166 ; and see Mr. Rice’s Mysore Inscrs. p. 172, where, however, it is rendered, together with the following word amaḷaṁ, by “ with a body purified by penance ”). See also the postscript on page 83 below.
^[9] This biruda is given as Kamaraveḍeṅga in the text in Roman characters, but as Kôviraveḍaṅga in the text in Kanarese characters. Kôviraveḍaṅga is unintelligible. Komaraveḍeṅga is likely to be correct ; in the spurious Sûḍi grant, it is attributed to the alleged Eregaṅga, who is placed next after Bûtuga I. (above, Vol. V. p. 183).
^[10] An inscription at Bêlûru, in the Maṇḍya tâluka, Mysore district (Mr. Rice’s Ep. Carn. Vol. III., Md. 78), purports to give us a still later Gaṅga price,─ a Gaṅga-Permanaḍi, who, it says, was governing the Karṇâṭa in