South Indian Inscriptions

EPIGRAPHIA INDICA

In Saka-Saṁvat 1421 expired the Vṛiśchika-saṁkrânti took place 13 h. 53 m. after mean sunrise of Wednesday, the 30th October A.D. 1499. The 15th day of the month of Vṛiśchika therefore was Tuesday, the 14th November A.D. 1499, and on this day the 12th tithi of the bright half (of the month Mârgaśîrsha) ended 16h. 13 m. after mean sunrise. On the day found the nakshatra by our Tables ceased to be Rêvatî exactly at mean sunrise, but it may be reasonably assumed that by other Tables the moon continued in Rêvatî for some short time after mean sunrise.

Being of the 20th year of the king’s reign, the date would shew that the reign of Jaṭilavarman Parâkrama-Pâṇḍya Kulaśêkhara commenced between (approximately) the 15th November A.D. 1479 and the 14th November A.D. 1480.

F.- JATILAVARMAN SRIVALLABHA.
41.- In the Visvanâtha temple at Tenkâsi.^[1]

2 Sakâbdam âyirattu-nânûrru-anbattu-onbadil mêr-chellâninra . . . . . . . . . 4 . . . kô Jaṭilavarmmar=âna Tribhuvanachchakrava[r]tti Kônêrmaikoṇḍ[â]n . . . . . 5 Perumâḷ Śrîvallabhadêva[r]ku yâṇḍu mu[mû]nrâvadu [Ê]viḷambi-va[r]sham Vṛiśchika-[ravi iruba]t[tu]-onbadâ[n]=diyadiyum [a]para-pakshattu [ê]kâ[da]śiyu- 6 m Budha-vâramum perra Śôdi-nâḷ.

“In the [H]êvilambin year, the third year (of the reign) of king Jaṭilavarman alias the emperor of the three worlds, Kônêrmaikoṇḍân . . . . . Perumâḷ Śrî- vallabhadêva, which (year) was current after the Śaka year one thousand four hundred and fifty-nine (had passed),─ on the day of Svâti, which corresponded to a Wednesday, and to the eleventh tithi of the second fortnight, and to the twenty-ninth solar day of (the month in which) the sun (was) in Vṛiśchika.”

The Jovian year Hêvilambin (Hêmalamba) by the southern luni-solar system corresponds to Śaka-Saṁvat 1459 expired. In this year the Vṛiśchika-saṁkrânti took place on Tuesday, the 30th Octomber A.D. 1537, by the Ârya-siddhânta 9 h. 48 m., and by the Sûrya-siddhânta 12 h. 30 m., after mean sunrise. By the Sûrya-siddhânta therefore─ and by the Ârya-siddhânta also in case the Malabar rule was followed^[2]─ the month of Vṛiśchika commenced on the 31st October, and the 29th day of the month was Wednesday, the 28th November A.D. 1537. On this day the 11th tithi of the dark half (of the month Mârgaśîrsha) ended 9 h. 34 m. after mean sunrise, and the nakshatra was Svâti, by the equal space system during the whole day, by the Brahma-siddhânta for 9 h. 12 m., and according to Garga for 13 h. 8 m., after mean sunrise.

Being of the third year of the king’s reign, the date would shew that the reign of Jaṭilavarman Śrîvallabha commenced between (approximately) the 29th November A.D. 1534 and the 28th November A.D. 1535.

G.─ MARAVARMAN SUNDARA-PANDYA.
42.─In the Kailâsapati temple at Gaṅgaikoṇḍân.^[3]

1 Svasti srî [||*] Kô Mâra[van]mar=âna Tribhuvanachśa(cha)kravat[t]i Kônêrmaikoṇḍâ[n] śrî-Śundara-Pâṇḍyadêva[rku y]âṇḍu 2 âvadu edir 22âvadukku Śakâbda[m*] 1477n mêl śellân[i]nra Irâkshasa-varusham Âni-mâdam^[4] 3 têdi^[4] pû[rvva]-pakshattu 2 duvâdesiyum [Manda]-vâramum perra Śôdi-nâḷ.

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^[1] No. 200 of the Government Epigraphist’s collection for 1895.
^{[2 ]} See Sewell and Dikshit’s Indian Calendar, p. 12.
^{[3 ]} No. 171 of the Government Epigraphist’s collection for 1895.
^[4] The two words madam and têdi are expressed by their modern abbreviations.