South Indian Inscriptions

EPIGRAPHIA INDICA

“In the Râkshasa year which was current after the Śaka year 1477 (had passed), (and which corresponded) to the 22nd (year) opposite to the 2nd year (of the reign) of king Mâravarman alias the emperor of the three worlds, Kônêrmaikoṇḍân, the glorious Sundara-Pâṇḍyadêva,─ on the day of Svâti, which corresponded to a Saturday, and to the twelfth tithi of the first fortnight, and to the 3rd day of the month of Âni.”

The Jovian year Râkshasa by the southern luni-solar system corresponds to Śaka-Saṁvat 1477 expired. In this year the Mithuna-saṁkrânti took place 14 h. 16 m. after mean sunrise of Wednesday, the 29th May A.D. 1555, and third day of the month of Mithuna (or Âni) therefore was Saturday, the 1st June A.D. 1555. This day was entirely occupied by the 12th tithi of the bright half (of the month Jyaishṭha), and on it the nakshatra by the equal space system was Svâti for 11 h. 10 m. after mean sunrise.

Being of the 22nd opposite to the 2nd, i.e. of the 24th year of the king’s reign, the date would shew that the reign of this Mâravarman Sundara-Pâṇḍya commenced between (approximately) the 2nd June A.D. 1531 and the 1st June A.D. 1532.

H.- JATILAVARMAN SRIVALLABHA (ATIVIRARAMA).
43.─ In the Kulaśêkharamuḍaiyâr temple at Tenkâśi.^[1]

2 . . . . Śakâ[bda]m 1489 l mêl śellâninra [|*] svasti śrî [|*] Kô Jaṭila[r]mmar-âna Tribhuvanachchakrava[r]tt[i] Kônêrmai[k]o[ṇ]ḍân Śrî-]P]erumâ[ḷ]
3 Alagan-Perumâḷ Ativîrarâman Śrîva[l*]laha[d]êvarka yâṇḍa añ[j]âvadu Pirabaya-varusham^[2] Âvan[i]-mâdam^[2] 22 têdi^{[2 ]}apara-[pa]kshastu(ttu)
4 tiridigaiyum Śukk[i]ra-vâramum Keṇḍa-[yô]gramum Vaṇik-karaṇamum perra Uttiraṭṭâdî-nâḷ.

“In the Prabhava year (corresponding to) the fifth year (of the reign) of king Jaṭilavarman alias the emperor of the three worlds, Kônêrmaikoṇḍân Śrî-Perumâḷ Alagan- Perumâḷ Ativîrarâma Śrîvallabhadêva, which (year) was current after the Śaka year 1489 (had passed),─ on the day of Uttara-Bhadrapadâ, which corresponded to the Vaṇik-karaṇa and to the Gaṇḍa-yôga and to a Friday, and to the third tithi of the second fortnight, and to the 22nd solar day of the month of Âvani.”

The Jovian year Prabhava by the southern luni-solar system corresponds to Śaka-Saṁvat 1489 expired. In this year the Siṁha-saṁkrânti took place 18 h. 35 m. after mean sunrise of Thursday, the 31st July A.D. 1567, and the 22nd day of the mouth of Siṁha (or Âvaṇi) there- fore was Friday, the 22nd August A.D. 1567. On this day the third tithi of the dark half (of the month Bhâdrapada) ended 20 h. 28 m., the karaṇa Vaṇij ended 8 h. 43 m., the nakshatra was Uttara-Bhadrapadâ for 1 h. 19 m., and the yoga was Gaṇḍa for 11 h. 37 m., after mean sunrise.

Being of the 5th year of te king’s reign, the date would shew that the reign of Jaṭilvarman Ativîrarâma Śrîvallabha commenced between (approximately) the 23rd August A.D. 1562 and the 22nd August A.D. 1563.

For convenience of reference I subjoin a list of the above dates, with the approximate com¬mencement of the reign of each king, put in brackets after his name.
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^[1] No. 202 of the Government Epigraphist’s collection for 1895.
^[2] The three words varusham, madam and têdi are expressed by their modern abbreviations.