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The Indian Analyst
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South Indian Inscriptions |
EPIGRAPHIA INDICA TWO PLATES OF TRIBHUVANAMAHADEVI FROM BAUD that their rule was established in North Orissa region in 642 A. C. or thereabouts. Thus the era used in the records of the Bhauma-Kara kings probably started from the date of the establishment of their rule in Northern Tōsalā, that is, from about the year 642 A. C. The date of the Neulpur plate and the present plates calculated from 642 A. C. will be 696 and 800 A. C. respectively. These dates are quite in accord with those arrived at on paleographical considerations. Svabhāvatuṅga is mentioned as the father of Tribhuvanamahādēvī. He was the ruler of Kōsala, evidently South Kōsala, and belonged to the lunar dynasty. In the Patna plates of Mahāśivagupta Yayāti,[1] his father is said to have acquired the title of Svabhāvatuṅga by his valour (Sōmakul-ābja-bhānuḥ Svabhāvatuṅgō nija-paurushēṇa). Svabhāvatuṅga of the plates under discussion and of the Patna plates seems to be one and the same person ; as such Pṛithvīmahādēvī alias Tribhuvanamahādēvī was the daughter of Mahābhavagupta Janamējaya, king of Kōsala. From this we come to know for the first time that the Sōmavaṁśī kings of Kōsala and the Bhauma-Karas of Guhēśvarapāṭaka were matrimonially connected.
In regard to Maṅgalakalaśa, we have so far not come across any such name. We only know that some members of the Bhañja dynasty had surnames like Kalyāṇakalaśa, Amōghakalaśa, etc. In view of this we may tentatively assume that this Maṅgalakalaśa belonged to the Bhañja dynasty. It may be pointed out here that one Śatrubhañja had the surname Maṅgalarāja. Paleographically his Jangalapāḍu plates, in which the above surname occurs, are assignable to about the same period as that of the present plates. It is possible that the fuller form of the surname was Maṅgalakalaśarāja. Śaśilēkhā, the wife of Maṅgalakalaśa, is stated to have come of the Vrāgaḍi family of the Virāṭa lineage. The village of the Koinsari in Mayurbhanj is still known as Virāṭapura. “ The Nāga family of Mayūrabhañja was known by the name Virāṭa Bhujaṅga, or simply the Vairāṭa or Virāṭa family………..the power of Vairāṭa Rājās of Mayūrabhañja dates from the seventh century A. D.”[3] Koinsari was probably the capital of the Virāṭa dynasty of Mayūrabhañja. The whole tract from Koinsari to Nīlagiri was under the rule of the Virāṭa family.[4] Some descendants of the old Virāṭa family are still living and they call themselves Bhujaṅga Kshatriya. Vrāgaḍi might have been a section of the Virāṭa family. It is not improbable that marriage connections between the two royal families of Mayūrabhañja, the Virāṭās and the Bhañjas, were established in course of time. I have not been able to identify the districts Tamālakhaṇḍa and Dakshiṇakhaṇḍa and the village Kōṭṭapurā. I may only suggest that the first may be identified with Tamluk, head-quarters of a sub-division of the Midnapore District, and the second with Dakinmal (Dakshin Mahal?), a pargana in the Contai sub-division. Tamluk and Dakinmal are mentioned as parganas in the Mughal revenue accounts.[5] The Daṇḍabhukti maṇḍala probably comprised the major portion of the Midnapore District. __________________________________________________________
[1] JPASB, Vol. I (1905), p. 14 ff. (Plate iii a, line 4). I am indebted to Sri S. N.Rajaguru for this reference. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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