South Indian Inscriptions

EPIGRAPHIA INDICA

And finally, an inscription at Śravaṇa-Beḷgoḷa, which records the death of his grandson Indra IV. in A.D. 982, presents his proper name, in verse, in the form of Kṛishṇarâjêndra.^[1] To the facts already known about Kṛishṇa III., we may conveniently add here the following. An inscription at Dêvî-Hosûr, in the Karajgi tâluka,^[2] refers itself to his reign, mentioning him as Akâlavarshadêva and Kannaradêva, and gives for him a fixed date, in December, A.D. 961, two years and nine months later than the date of the Karhâḍ grant. And an inscription at Chiñchli in the Gadag tâluka,^[3] which refers itself to his reign, mentioning his as Akâlavarshadêva, Chalakenallâta, and Kannaradêva, mentions also, by the appellations Satyavâkya-Koṅguṇivarma-Jayaduttaraṁga-Permânaḍi, the Western Gaṅga prince Bûtuga II., whom it describes as “ governing ” the Gaṅgavâḍi ninety-six-thousand ; and it supplies for Bûtuga II. a fixed date, in April, A.D. 953, three years later than the latest date previously established for him.

Kṛishṇa III. was succeeded by a younger brother, whose proper name is known, at present, only in the Prâkṛit forms of Khoṭṭiga, Koṭṭiga, and Khôṭika, of which the first was probably the original corruption of his Sanskṛit name, whatever that may have been.^[4] His appellations are given most fully in the Adaraguñchi inscription of A.D. 971, which mentions him by the name of Koṭṭigadêva, with the birudas of Nityavarshadêva, Râjamârtaṇḍa, Raṭṭakandarpa, and Chitraveḍeṅga, “ a marvel among marvels ” (?).^[5] And an inscription at Hirê-Handigôḷ in the Gadag tâluka,^[6] which again presents his name as Koṭṭigadêva and uses the biruda Nityavarshadêva, adds Yasakenallâta, “ he who is good, excellent, or beautiful on account of fame.” An inscription at Nâgâvi, in the same tâluka,^[7] again presents his name as Koṭṭigadêva, and again mentions him as Nityavarshadêva. The Kardâ grant of his successor’s time, issued

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^[1] Inscrs. at Śrav.-Beḷ. No. 57.
^[2] Not yet published ; I quote from an ink-impression.─ The passage giving the date (lines 6 to 9) runs─ Sa(śa)ka-varsha 884 Dundubhi-saṁvatsar-ântarggata-Pausha-su(śu)ddha-trayôdasi(śi) Âdityavâram=Uttarâyaṇa-saṁkrântiy-andu.─ By the southern luni-solar system of the cycle, Dundubhi was Śaka-Saṁvat 884 expired, = A.D. 962-63. In that year, Pausha śukla 13 ended at about 3 hrs. 58 min. after mean sunrise (for Ujjain) on Friday, 12th December, A.D. 962 ; and the solstice occurred at 12 hrs. 38 min. on Tuesday, 23rd December. ─ By the northern luni-solar system (compare note 7 on page 177 above), Dundubhi was Ś.-S 884 current, = A.D. 961-62. In this year, Pausha śukla 13 ended at about 17 hrs. 47 min. on Sunday, 22nd December, A.D. 961 ; and the solstice occurred at 6 hrs. 25 min. on the next day. The date is, thus, not quite correct. But we need not hesitate, I think, about accepting the result for the tithi as the real date of the record.
^[3] Not yet published ; I quote from an ink-impression.─ The passage giving the date (lines 4 to 7), runs─ Sa(śa)ka-bhûpâḷa-kâḷ-âkrânta-saṁvatsara-sa(śa)taṁgaḷ=eṇṭu-nûr=elpatt-âraneya Ânanda-saṁvatsarada Vaiśâkha-cycle, Ânanda was Śaka-Saṁvat 876 expired, = A.D. 954-55. In that year, Vaiśâkha śukla 2 ended at about 21 hrs, 16 min. after mean sunrise (for Ujjain) on Friday, 7th April, A.D. 954, and cannot be connected with a Monday at all.─ By the northern luni-solar system (compare note 7 on page 177 above), Ânanda was Ś.-S. 876 current, = A.D. 953-54. And, in this year, Vaiśâkha śukla 2 ended at about 6 hrs. 18 min. on Monday, 18th April, A.D. 953 ; and the moon entered Mṛigaśiras at about 11 hrs. 8 min. or 12 hrs. 15 min.
^[4] I can suggest only Krôshṭu, which occurs as the name of one of the sons of Yadu (Vishṇupurâṇa, Wilson’s translation, Vol. IV. pp. 53, 61), and might perhaps turn into Khoṭṭiga, Koṭṭiga, Khôṭika, in the Prâkṛit of the Kanarese country. I notice, however, that Monier-Williams’ Sanskṛit Dictionary gives Kôṭika as the name of the son of a prince, from the Mahâbhârata.
^[5] Ind. Ant. Vol. XII. p. 255 f., text lines 1 to 5.
^[6] Noticed, Dyn. Kan. Distrs. p. 422, note 3.─ It records a grant that was made at the Uttarâyaṇasaṁkrânti or winter solstice (line 16) ; but the details of the (month and) tithi and week-day, by which the exact date might have been fixed, were not given. Line I contains the Śaka year, in figures, and the saṁvatsara ; again, without any details : but the passage is much damaged, and all that can be said from the ink-impression, is that, while the first figure, 8, is quite unmistakable, the other two are altogether uncertain,─ that then there comes the usual ordinal ending neya (= aneya),─ and that then we may perhaps have either Prabhava, Pramôda, or Prajâpati. This would give a date in December, A.D. 967, 970, or 971, with the southern luni-solar system of the cycle.
^[7] At the temple of Kannûra-Basappa ; noticed, Dyn. Kan. Distrs. p. 422, note 3, where I have wrongly represented it as giving the name with the aspirated kh.