South Indian Inscriptions

EPIGRAPHIA INDICA

22.─In the Śvêtâraṇyêśvara temple at Kaḍappêri.^[1]

1 . . . . . Kô Mâru(ra)panmar Tiru(ri)[buva]nachchakravattika(ga)ḷ śrî- Kulaśêgaradêvar[k*][k]u [y]âṇḍu 40 Mi(mî)na-nâyaru pûrvva-pakshattu dvitîyaiyum Śani-kk[i]lam[ai]yum perra Rêvati-nâḷ-

“ In the 40th year (of the reign) of king Mâravarman (alias) the emperor of the three worlds, the glorious Kulaśêkharadêva,─ on the day of Rêvati, which corresponded to a Saturday and to the second tithi of the first fortnight of the month of Mîna.”

The results obtained under the three preceding dates shew that this date, of the month of Mîna of the 40th year of the king’s reign, must fall in either A.D. 1307 or A.D. 1308. It actually corresponds to Saturday, the 24th February A.D. 1308. On this day the Mîna-saṁkrânti took place 8 h. 45 m. after mean sunrise, and the day therefore was the first of the month of Mîna ; the second tithi of the bright half (of the month Phâlguna) ended 12 h. 32 m., and the nakshatra was Rêvatî for 21 h. 40 m., after mean sunrise.

The four dates Nos. 19-22 together prove that the reign of Mâravarman Kulaśêkhara I. commenced between (approximately) the 25th February and the 18th November A.D. 1268.

F.─JATAVARMAN SUNDARA-PANDYA II.

23.─In the Iḷamiśvara temple at Târamaṅgalam.^[2]

1 Svasti śrî [||*] Kôr=Chaḍapanmar=âna Tribhuvanachchakravattigaḷ śrî-Śundara- Pâṇḍiyadêvarkku yâṇḍu pad[i]mu(mû)nrâvadu Siṁha-nâyarr[u] pûrvva-pakshattu trayôdaśiyum Tiṅgaḷ-kilamaiyum perra Uttarâḍattu nâḷ.

“ In the thirteenth year (of the reign) of king Jaṭâvarman alias the emperor of the three worlds, the glorious Sundara-Pâṇḍyadêva,─ on the day of Uttarâshâḍhâ, which corresponded to a Monday and to the thirteenth tithi of the first fortnight of the month of Siṁha.”<

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24.─In the Âdhipuriśvara temple at Tiruvorriyûr.^[3]

1 Svasti śrî [||*] Kôr=Chaḍapanmar=âna Tribhuvanachchakkaravattigaḷ śrî-
2 Śundara-Pâṇḍiyadêvarku yâṇḍu padinmu(mû)nrâvadu Siṁha-nâyarru
3 a[pa]ra-pakshattu tritîyaiyum Veḷḷi-kk[i]lamaiyum perra Uttiraṭ-
4 ṭâd[i]-nâḷ.

“ In the thirteenth year (of the reign) of king Jaṭâvarman alias the emperor of the three worlds, the glorious Sundara-Pâṇḍyadêva,─ on the day of Uttara-Bhadrapadâ, which corresponded to a Friday and to the third tithi of the second fortnight of the month of Siṁha.”

The two dates Nos. 23 and 24 are both stated to be the month of Siṁha of the 13th year of the king’s reign. In No. 23 the 13th tithi of the bright half is combined with a Monday and the nakshatra Uttarâshâḍhâ, in No. 24 the third tithi of the dark half with a Friday and the nakshatra Uttara-Bhadrapadâ. Of all the years between A.D. 1236 and 1325 there is only a single year that satisfies all the requirements of both dates, viz. the year 1289. For that year the date─

No. 23 corresponds to Monday, the 1st August A.D. 1289, which was the 4th day of the month of Siṁha, and on which the 13th tithi of the bright half (of the month Śrâvaṇa) ended 5 h. 23 m., and the nakshatra was Uttarâshâḍhâ, by the equal space system and according to Garga for 7 h. 53 m., and by the Brahma-siddhânta for 1 h. 19 m., after mean sunrise ; and the date─

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^[1] No. 134 of the Government Epigraphist’s collection for 1896.
^[2] No. 24 of the Government Epigraphist’s collection for 1900.
^[3] No. 400 of the Government Epigraphist’s collection for 1896.