South Indian Inscriptions

EPIGRAPHIA INDICA

Between A.D. 1200 and 1350 the only year for which this date would be correct, is 1294. In this year the Dhanuḥ-saṁkrânti took place 1 h. 23 m. after mean sunrise of Saturday, the 27th November, which was the first day of the month of Dhanus. The 14th day of the month of Dhanus therefore was Friday, the 10th December A.D. 1294 ; and on this day the 7th tithi of the dark half (of the month Mârgaśîrsha) commenced 4 h. 13 m. after mean sunrise, and the nakshtra was Uttara-Phalgunî, by the equal space system from 7 h. 13 m. after mean sunrise, and by the Brahma-siddhânta and according to Garga during the whole day.

20.─In the Jambukêśvara temple near Śriraṅgam.^[1]

1 Svasti śrîḥ [||*] Têri pôl ……..
4 …… śr[î]-kô Mâra[pa]nmâ(ma)r=âna Tiribuva[na]chchakkaravatigaḷ śrî- Ku[la]śêgaradêvarkku yâṇḍu pattâvadu [Ma]gara-nâ[ya*]rru pû[r]vva-pakshattu daśamiyum
5 yum^[2] Budan-kilamaiy[u]m perra [U]rôśaṇi-nâḷ.

“ In the tenth year (of the reign) of the glorious king Mâravarman alias the emperor of the three worlds, the glorious Kulaśêkharadêva,─ on the day of Rôhiṇî, which corresponded to a Wednesday and to the tenth tithi of the first fortnight of the month of Makara.”

If the equivalent obtained under No. 19 for the date of the 27th year is the true equivalent of that date, this date No. 20, of the 10th year of the king’s reign, will be expected to fall in about A.D. 1277. It actually corresponds to Wednesday, the 5th January A.D. 1278. This day was the 11th of the month of Makara ; and on it the 10th tithi of the bright half (of the month Mâgha) ended 7 h. 39 m. after mean sunrise, and the nakshatra was Rôhiṇî by the equal space system from 7 h. 13 m. after mean sunrise, and by the Brahma-siddhânta and according to Garga during the whole day.

21.─In the Nellaiyappar temple at Tinnevelly.^[3]

1 [Sva*]sti śrî [||] Śrî-kô Mârapanmar=âna Tribhuvanachchakra-
2 [va*]rttigaḷ emmaṇḍalamu[ṅ]=go[ṇ]ḍ=aruḷiya śrî-kula-
3 śêgaradêvarku [y]âṇḍu [2]6vadu Vṛiśchika-nâ[yar]ru
4 irubatt[i]ra[ṇ]ḍâ[n]=diyadiyum [a]para-[pa]kshattu [dv]iti-
5 yaiyu[m] B[u]dan-kilamaiyum p[erra] Puṇa[r]pûśa-n-
6 [â]ḷ-

“ In the [2]6th year (of the reign) of the glorious king Mâravarman alias the emperor of the three worlds, the glorious Kulaśêkharadêva who was pleased to take every country,─ on the day of Punarvasu, which corresponded to a Wednesday, and to the second tithi of the second fortnight, and to the twenty-second solar day of the month of Vṛiśchika.”

The results obtained under Nos. 19 and 20 shew that this date, of the month of Vṛiśchika of the 26th year of the king’s reign, must fall in about A.D. 1293. The date, in my opinion, actually corresponds to Wednesday, the 18th November A.D. 1293. In A.D. 1293 the Vṛiśchika-saṁkrânti took place 6 h. 58 m. after mean sunrise of Wednesday, the 28th October, which was the first day of the month of Vṛiśchika. The 22nd day of the month of Vṛiśchika therefore was Wednesday, the 18th November ; and on this day the nakshtra was Punarvasu by the equal space system and according to Garga for 19 h. 42 m., and by the Brahma-siddhânta for 19 h. 3 m., after mean sunrise. But the tithi which ended 8 h. 39 m. after mean sunrise of the same day was the third (not the second) tithi of the dark half (of the month Mârgaśîrsha).─ I have no doubt that in the original date the second tithi (dvitîyaiyum) has been wrongly quoted instance of the third (tṛitîyaiyum).

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^[1] No. 25 of the Government Epigraphist’s collection for 1891.
^[2] Cancel yum.
^[3] No. 134 of the Government Epigraphist’s collection for 1894.