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EPIGRAPHIA INDICA
seem to have ruled over Conjeeveram and that the last of them, Manma-Gaṇḍagôpâla, was a
subordinate of Pratâparudra, it becomes probable that the Mânavîra of the subjoined inscription
was a member of the same family. Another point in favour of this theory is the fact that, at
the time of the inscription, the standard coin of Conjeeveram was the “mâḍai of Gaṇḍagôpâla”[1]
(l. 4), which owes its name evidently to one of the later Chôḷas, several of whom bore the
surname Gaṇḍagôpâla. The latest known date of Râja-Gaṇḍagôpâladêva (i.e. Manma-Gaṇḍagôpâla) is Śaka-Saṁvat 1221, which was the 9th year of his reign, in an inscription at
Nellore (No. 194 of 1894). This date is 17 years prior to the installation of Mânavîra. In
the meantime Conjeeveram had been in the possession of Ravivarman of Kêraḷa, who was
crowned at Kâñchî in A.D. 1312-13 and made a grant to the Aruḷâḷa-Perumâḷ temple in A.D.
1315-16.[2] Can it be that he was driven out by Muppiḍi, who installed Mânavîra in June 1316 ?
An allusion to this might be found in the statement (verse 3) that, before entering Kâñchî,
Muppiḍi “put to flight the princes of the South.”
TEXT.3
1 Svasti śrî [||*] Yad-dêhê tanu-lôma-kûpa-vivarê śailâ nagâ dig-gajâ nadyas=sapta
[sa]mudra-mudrita-mahî vistâram=adhyâsatê ||(|) daṁshṭrâ-daṇḍa-karâḷa-kâla-
vadana[ḥ*] str[î]-la[ṁgh]it-âgr-âsanô lîlâ-kôla-kalêba(va)ras=sa Murabhit pâyâd=
apâyât(d=) bhuvam || [1*] Śrîman-mahâ-maṇḍala-chakravarttî Pratâparudraḥ
kila Kâ-
2 katîyaḥ | karôti râjyaṁ kamanîya-kîrttiḥ pratâpavân=Êkaśilâ[na]garyyâm || [2*]
[4]Tan-nâyakas=samprati [5]Muppiḍ-î[n]draḥ pratâpa-niśśêshita-śatru-pakshaḥ ||(|)
vidrâvya bhûpân=api dâkshiṇâtyân purîñ=cha Kâñchîm=aviśan= Naḷ-âbdê || [3*]
Mâsê Śuchau Sarppadinê cha kṛishṇê vârê sa-Śukrê divasê=parâhṇê ||(|)
śrî-Mânavîran=nija-paṭṭabandham(ndhaṁ) vya-
3 [dh]ât=tad-âjñ-ânucharîñ=cha Kâñchîm || [4*] Śakar varsham 1238âvadu
Naḷa-saṁvatsaram Âni-mâdam irubattu-onrân=di[ya]di Budan-kilamaiyum
êkâdaśiyum perra nâḷ svasti śrîmatu-Muppiḍi-nâyakkar śrî-Kâñchipura[t]tu
Perumâḷ Aruḷaḷnâthanukku sarvva-niyôgattukku dakshiṇâ-sahitam=âga udakam
paṇṇina ûr 2=ttara[m*] Pa[ya]-
4 r-kkôṭṭa-stalattu[6] Paiyyûrum piḍâgai Âyirachchêriyum Gumm[i]ḍippûṇḍi
uṭ[pa]ḍa Gaṇḍagôpâlan mâḍai=ttaram 526m Kachchiyûr-nâṭṭil
Pondaipâkkam mâḍai=ttaram 476 âga ûr iraṇ[ḍu*]m mâḍai 1002kkum
pirivu Perumâḷ-tâdar[7] kaiyyil 500 paṇa-vilaiy=âga koṇḍa Velkâvil ten-
karaiyilē tiru-
____________________________
[1] The Tamil mâḍai and the Telugu mâḍa form part of the names of various gold coins, e.g. Madurântakan-mâḍai (above, Vol. V. p. 106 and note 3 ; South-Ind. Inscr. Vol. III. pp. 143 and 164), Bhujabala-mâḍai (see may
Annual Report for 1896-97, p. 4), Gaṇḍa-mâḍa (above, Vol. V. p. 32), Kulôttuṅga-mâḍa, Birudu-mâḍa, Jaya-mâḍa, Châmara-mâḍa, Gandhavâraṇa-mâḍa or Gandhahasti-mâḍa, Uttamagaṇḍa-mâḍa and Râjarâja-mâḍa (see
the Appendix of my Annual Report for 1897-98). Of these, the Râjarâja-mâḍa and Jaya-mâḍa are perhaps
identical with certain gold coins published in Ind. Ant. Vol. XXV. p. 321, Nos. 24 and 25, and p. 322, No. 29. The
Gandhavâraṇa-mâḍa is mentioned in two inscriptions of Śaka-Saṁvat 1039 and 1042 (Nos. 232 and 212 of 1897).
It seems to be the coin which is known in the bâzârs of Southern India as Gajapati-varâha and which,
according to the Râjataraṁgiṇî, was imitated by Harsha of Kaśmîr ; compare Sir A. Cunningham’s Coins of
Mediæval India, pp. 34 f. and 36, and Mr. Rapson’s Indian Coins, pp. 32 and 36. It may be that these coins
were first struck by Vikramâditya VI., because the Râjataraṁgiṇî (vii. 926) expressly states that Harsha copied his
new gold coin from those of Karṇâṭa, and because the only king of Karṇâṭa who reigned during Harsha’s time
was Parmâḍi or Parmâṇḍi (Râjataraṅgiṇî, vii. 935 and 1119) of Kalyâṇapura (ibid. 1124), i.e. the Western
Châlukya Vikramâditya VI.
[2] Above, Vol. IV. p. 146.
[3] From two inked estampages.
[4] The syllable ya of nâyaka is entered below the line.
[5] The syllable mu is entered below the line.
[6] Read Paiyyûr-kkôṭṭa-sthalattu.
[7] The â of tâ is entered below the line.
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