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INTRODUCTION
(sishya) B 63, silā (śilā) A 1, Ghosā (Ghoshā) A 117, Asaḍā (Ashāḍhā) B 64, Alaṁbusā
(Alaṁbushā) B 31 etc. etc.
§16. Final consonants of Sanskrit words are usually dropped and we get the base
with a vowel ending, cf. Suchilomo B 9, Pasenaji B 39, Sirimā B 8, Sirimasa A 110.
But in a few cases the final consonant is preserved and we get the inflected forms
directly from their Sanskrit equivalents, cf. bhagavato B 13, B 15, and Vipasino B 13. In Abode (loc. sg.) the base is Abode which Lüders derives from Āmravat with an addition of the
vowel at the end.
§ 17. Clustered consonants : The consonant clusters are as a rule assimilated, the single
letters, where the cluster occurs medially, serving the purpose of the double one[1]. It is only
in a few cases that clusters with r are preserved ; the cases of anaptyxis are also equally rare.
§18. Clusters with stops:
(a) The so-called double consonants are always represented as single ones. Thus kukuṭa─ (kukkuṭa─) B 42, Ujhikā (Ujjhikā) a 114, Isidata- (Ṛishidatta-) A 86, Budhi-
(Buddhi-) A 21, Sudhāvāsa- (Śuddhāvāsa-) B 24 etc. etc.
(b) Clusters with g like rg and lg>g (i. e. gg) ; cf. Gāgīputa- (Gārgīputra-) A 1,
Phagudēva- (Phalgudevā-) A 30, A 75 ; similarly rgh>gh (ggh) in Dighatapasi
(Dīrghatapasvin)-) B 63.
(c) Clusters with ṭh like shṭh (or shṭ)>ṭh (or ṭ) (i.e. ṭṭh[2] or ṭṭ). Thus Vāsiṭhi- (Vāsisṭhī-)
A 35, Feṭhabhadra- (Fyeshṭhabhadra-) A 92. In Seṭaka- (Śresṭhaka-)Ś A 18, and saṭupadāna- (sṛishṭopādāna-?) A 58 we have ṭ and not ṭh.
(d) Clusters with t like kt, pt and rt>t (i.e. tt) ; cf. Atimuta- (Atimukta-) A 81, Vasuguta-
(Vasugupta-) B 62, Dhamaguta- (Dharmagupta-) A 94, A 120, natu- (naptṛi-) A 50,
Dhuta- (Dhūrta-) A 96.
The cluster st is always assimilated to th, where medially it stands for tth ;
cf. .thabha- (stambha-) A 6, A 7 etc.; Bahuhathika- (Bahuhastika-) B 70, B 71, B 81 ; Thupadāsa- (Stūpadāsa-) A 25.
(e) The cluster bdh>dh (ddh) : Suladha- (Sulabdha-) A 22.
(f) Clusters with p like tp, rp, and lp>p (pp) ; cf. upaṁna- (utpannaḥ-) A 1, chitupāda-
(chitrotpāta-?) B 67, Sapagutā (Sarpaguptā) A 78, Vijapi (Vijalpin-?) B 61.
§19. Clusters with the semivowel y : Almost in all cases the clusters are assimilated.
Only in the case of ty and sometimes in ry we find an instance of anaptyxis.
(a) Clusters ky and jy k (kk) and j (jj) ; ty>tiy.
Sk. Śākyamuni->Sakamuni- B 23.
Sk. rājya->raja- A1, A2.
Sk. chaitya->chātiya- B 69.
(b) The cluster ry becomes mostly y (yy), but in a few cases riy.
Sk. ārya->aya- A 33, A 38 etc. etc.
Sk. bhāryā->bhayā- A 4; but bhāriyā- A 34, A 115.
(c) The cluster vy>v in vakata- (vyavakrānta-?) B 18.
(d) The clusters sy, śy, and shy>s (ss medially).
Sk. Kāśyapa->Kasapa-B 17.
Sk. Śyāmaka->Sāmaka- A 66, A 73.
Sk. śishya->sisa- B 63.
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In a few cases where we have a long vowel before the assimilated cluster, the single consonant
perhaps does not stand for the double one ; cf. above the remarks under the treatment of the vowel a.
As already mentioned (§ 14) cerebralisation has no great scope in these inscriptions.
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