South Indian Inscriptions

EPIGRAPHIA INDICA

“ In the 23rd year (of the reign) of the emperor of the three worlds, the glorious Kulôttuṅga-Chôḷadêva, who was pleased to take Madurai, Îlam, the crowned head of the Pâṇḍya and Karuvûr,─ on the day of Viśâkhâ, which corresponded to a [Monday] and to the thirteenth tithi of the second fortnight of the month of Vṛiśchika.”

The date corresponds to Monday, the 6th November A.D. 1200, which was the 11th day of the month of Vṛiśchika, and on which the 13th tithi of the dark half (of Kârttika) ended 11 h. 46 m., while the nakshatra was Viśâkhâ, by the Brahma-siddhânta from 1 h. 58 m., according to Garga from 5 h. 55 m., and by the equal space system from 18 h. 24 m., after mean sunrise.

113.─ In the Kailâsanâthasvâmin temple at Kaḷḷa-Perumbûr.^[1]

1 [Ha]ra Svasti śrî [||*] Tiribuvana[ch]chakkavattigaḷ Madu[r]ai[yu*]-
2 [m*] [Î]lamum Pâṇḍiyan muḍi-talaiyu[m*] koṇḍu aruḷi-
3 [ya] śrî-Kulô[t]tuṅga-Śôladêvarkku yâṇḍu 25-
4 vadu Karkaḍaga-nâyar[ru*] [pû]rvva-paksha[t*]tu pa[ñ]ja[m]iyum Budan-kila- [m]ai pe[rra*]
5 Utt[i]ra[ttu nâḷ].

“ In the 25th year (of the reign) of the emperor of the three worlds, the glorious Kulôttuṅga-Chôḷadêva, who was pleased to take Madurai, Îlam and the crowned head of the Pâṇḍya,─ on the day of Uttara-Phalgunî, which corresponded to a Wednesday and to the fifth tithi of the first fortnight of the month of Karkaṭaka.”

The date corresponds to Wednesday, the 24th July A.D. 1202, which was the 28th day of the month of Karkaṭaka, and on which the nakshatra was Uttara-Phalgunî, by the equal space system and according to Garga for 11 h. 10 m., and by the Brahma-siddhânta for 7 h. 53 m., after mean sunrise. But the tithi which ended on this day, 21 h. 31 m. after mean sunrise, was the 4th, not the 5th, tithi of the bright half (of Śrâvaṇa^[2]).─ Accordingly, we should have expected chaturthiyum in the original instead of pa[ñ]ja[m]iyum.

114.─ In the Vêdâraṇyêśvara temple at Vêdâraṇyam.^[3]

1 Svasti śr[î] [||*] T[i]r[i]buvanachchakkaravarttigaḷ Madurai[y]u[m] Ka[ru]vûrum Pâṇḍi[ya]n maḍ[i]-
2 ttalaiyuṅ=goṇḍu vîrar abishêgamum viśaiyar abishêgamum paṇṇiy-a[ru]ḷina Tiri-
3 buvanavîradêvarkku yâṇḍu 3[2]vadu Danu-nâyarru apara-pakshattu na[va]mi- yum Ti-
4 ṅgaṭ-ki[la]maiyum perra Śittirai-nâḷ.

“ In the 3[2]nd year (of the reign) of the emperor of the three worlds, Tribhuvanavîradêva, who took Madurai, Karuvûr and the crowned head of the Pâṇḍya, and was pleased to perform the anointment of heroes and the anointment of victors,─ on the day of Chitrâ, which corresponded to a Monday and to the ninth tithi of the second fortnight of the month of Dhanus.”

The date corresponds to Monday, the 21st December A.D. 1209, which was the 27th day of the month of Dhanus, and on which the nakshatra was Chitrâ, by the equal space system and according to Garga for 21 h. 1 m., and by the Brahma-siddhânta for 17 h. 44 m., after mean sunrise. But the tithi which ended on this day, 12 h. 28 m., after mean sunrise, was the 8th, not the 9th , tithi of the dark half (of Pausha).─ Accordingly, we should have expected ashṭamiyum in the original instead of na[va]miyum.
_______________________________________________________

^[1] No. 584 of the Government Epigraphist’s collection for 1904.
^[2] I.e. the Gaṇêśa-chaturthî.
^[3] No. 427 of the Government Epigraphist’s collection for 1904.