South Indian Inscriptions

EPIGRAPHIA INDICA

118.─ In the Kapardîśvara temple at Tiruvalañjuli.^[1]

1 . . . . . Tiribuvanaśa[k]karava[t]tigaḷ śiri-[Râja*]râ[ja*]dêvarkku yâṇḍu 12â[va]du Śiṅṅa-nâ[ya]rru apara-pakkashat[t]u^[2] [śa]dutti[yu]m Tiṅgaḷ- [k]ilamaiyum perra Utti . . . . .

“ In the 12th year (of the reign) of the emperor of the three worlds, the glorious [Râja]râ[ja]dêva,─ [on the day of] Utta . . . ., which corresponded to a Monday and to the fourth tithi of the second fortnight of the month of Sîṁha.”

The date corresponds to Monday, the 2nd August A.D. 1227, which was the 6th day of the month of Siṁha, and on which the 4th tithi of the dark half (of Śrâvaṇa) ended 17 h. 13 m., while the nakshatra was Uttara-Bhadrapadâ for 7 h. 13 m., after mean sunrise.─ The result shows that the last words of the original date must have been Uttiraṭṭâdi-nâḷ.

119.─ In the Vâlîśvara temple at Râmagiri.^[3]

1 [Sva]sti śrî [||*] Tiri[b]uvanachcha[k]karavattigaḷ śrî-Irâjaïrâjadêvarkku yâṇḍu pad[i]nârâvadu Karkaḍaga-nâyarru padinâlân=d[i]-
2 yadiy=âna Viyâla-kkilamaiyum pûrvva-pakshattu daśamiy[u]m An[i]lamum=ânav= anru.

“ In the sixteenth year (of the reign) of the emperor of the three worlds, the glorious Râjarâjadêva,─ on the day of Anurâdhâ, which was the tenth tithi of the first fortnight and a Thursday, corresponding to the fourteenth solar day of the month Karkaṭaka.”

The date will be expected to fall in A.D. 1231 or 1232, and it actually corresponds to Thursday, the 10th July A.D. 1231. In A.D. 1231 the Karkaṭa-saṁkrânti took place 9 h. 21 m. after mean sunrise of Friday, the 27th June, which was the first day of the month of Karkaṭaka ; and the 14th day of the same month therefore was Thursday, the 10th July. On this day the 10th tithi of the bright half (of Śrâvaṇa) ended 15 h. 48 m., while the nakshatra was Anurâdhâ, by the equal space system and according to Garga for 23 h. 38 m., and by the Brahma-siddhânta for 18 h. 24 m., after mean sunrise.

The date shows that the reign of Râjarâja III. could not have commenced after (approximately) the 10th July A.D. 1216.

120.─ In the Aruṇâchalêśvara temple at Tiruvaṇṇamalai^[4]

1 Svasti śrî [||*] Tir[i]bu[va]nachchakkara[va]ttigaḷ śrî-Râjarâjadê[vakku yâ]ṇḍu 16vadu Ishapa(ba)-nâyarru iru[ba]tteṭṭân=diyadiyum Śan[i]-k[ki]lamaiyum perra Mirugaś[î]rishattu nâḷ.

“ In the 16th year (of the reign) of the emperor of the three worlds, the glorious Râjarâjadêva,─ on the day of Mṛigaśiras, which corresponded to a Saturday and to the twenty-eighth solar day of the month of Ṛishabha,”

The date corresponds to Saturday, the 22nd May A.D. 1232. In A.D. 1232 the Ṛishabha-saṁkrânti took place 15 h. 22 m. after mean sunrise of Saturday, the 24th April. The first day of the month of Ṛishabha therefore was Sunday, the 25th April, and the 28th day of the same month was Saturday, the 22nd May, on which day the nakshatra was Mṛigaśiras, by the equal space system and according to Garga for 10 h. 30 m., and by the Brahma-siddhânta for 9 h. 12 m., after mean sunrise.
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^[1] No. 630 of the Government Epigraphist’s collection for 1902.
^[2] Read –pakshattu.
^[3] No. 646 of the Government Epigraphist’s collection for 1904.
^[4] No. 485 of the Government Epigraphist’s collection for 1902.