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INTRODUCTION
(b) Cluster rv>v in Punāvasu- (Punarvasu-) A 72 (see, however, article §5 (i)).
(c) Clusters śv and sv are assimilated to s (ss medically).
Sk. Viśvadeva->Visvadeva- A 1.
Sk. Viśvabhū->Vesabhu- B 14 (the e in the first syllable is short, as e in the case
of okraṁti B 19, if that reading is the correct one).
Sk. Svāmike->Samika- A 6, A 41.
Sk. Dirghapasvin->Dighatapasi B 63.
§22. Clusters with sibilants : The most important cluster under this head is ksh which
shows double treatment viz. kh (kkh) and chh (chchh). This has been already death with
above under palatalisation §13. The other cluster met with is rś which becomes s (ss),
cf. Sudasana (Sudarsana) B 10.
§23. Clusters with h: The only cluster to be found is rh which is represented as rah
in Arahaguta- (arhat-) B 18, B 20.
§24. Clusters with nasals: These clusters are assimilated, and the anusvāra is mostly
not shown in the case of clusters with ṅ, ñ, ṇ, and m. In the case of clusters with n, however,
the anusvāra is mostly represented in writing. The absence of anusvāra is to be attributed
to the negligence of the scribe and not to the phonetic tendency ; otherwise we have to
regard the simple letters as standing for the double one.
(a) Clusters with the nasal ṅ : The two clusters to be observed are ṅg and ṅgh, and they
are very often represented without the anusvāra. Cf. Suga- (Śuṅga-) A 1 (Saga-A 2), Agaraju- (Aṅgāradyut-) A 1, A 2, Sagha-(Saṅgha-) A 40, A 108, A 109.
The anusvāra is shown in Gaṁgita- (Gaṅgita-) B 5, timiṁgila- (timiṅgila-) B 62,
as read by Lüders, (other editors have read timigala-), and perhaps in Sa[ṁ]gha-
mita- A 106, and isis[iṁ]g[iya] (Ṛishyaśṛiṅga-) B 53. For the cluster ṅkr see §20 (a).
(b) Clusters with the nasal ñ : The cluster ñc is perhaps represented with anusvāra
in pa[ṁ]chanekāyika- A 57. But ñj is without anusvāra : Kujarā- (kuñjarā-) A 10.
The cluster jñ is in all cases assimilated to ñ. Cf. rano (rājñaḥ) A 1, A 4, sigālañati (śṛigālajñapti) B 64.
(c) Clusters with the nasal ṇ: In the case of this cluster too it is not customary to
mark the anusvāra ; thus Anādhapeḍika- (-piṇḍika-) B 32, Kaḍariki (Kaṇḍarikī) B 60, and Muḍa- (Muṇḍa-) A 102.
The cluster rṇ is assimilated to dental n in Punakiya- (Pūrṇakiya-) B 55.
Similarly ṇṇ is assimilated to dental n in Avisana- (Avishaṇṇa-?) A 82.
In nh coming from ṇh also we find the dental : Kṛishṇila->*Kaṇhila- Kanhila- A 63.
(d) Clusters with the nasal n: In a majority of cases the anusvāra is not represented in
the parallels for bhadanta ; thus bhadata- A 39, A 58, A 59, A 64, A 65, A 66, but bhadaṁta-only in A 38 and A 61. In all other cases, except one, we find anusvāra
represented in the case of cluster nt : ūkraṁti B 19, vejayaṁto B 22, chhadaṁtiya B 49, silākaṁmaṁto A 1, aṁtevāsino A 73, sutaṁtikasa A 51. The anusvāra is, however,
not found in vakata- (vyavakrānta-) B 18.
In the case of nth anusvāra is seen in Paṁthaka-A 71, but not in katha (kanthā)[1] B 73.
The cluster nd also is more often shown with the anusvāra : Kākaṁdi- A 37, Na[ṁ]d[i]nagarikā¬- A 45, Anaṁda- A 50, Naṁda- A 69, [Na]ṁdagiri- A 97,
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Derivation according to Lüders. Bühler would connect it with kvātha,and Hultzsch withkāshṭha
(katha being mistake for kaṭha).
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