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INTRODUCTION
(c) At the end of the abl. sg. mas. forms: Karahakaṭa A 6, A 7, Chekulana A 40, Nāsika A 46.
(d) The final ā of gen. pl. mas. is also sometimes shortened to a (which is shown
with or without anusvāra) ; cf. Suganaṁ A 1, dāyakana A 16, Sagāna (for Sugāna) A 2 and devānaṁ); B 27. (Note that in the first two instances ā is
changed to a also before the gen. pl. term.)
(e) The final ā of instrumental sg. is shortened in Dhanabhūtina A 1.
(IV) In the end we may note that ā is sometimes represented as a just by way of a
mistake in such cases as:
Sk. dāna─>dana─ A 81, A 127.
Sk. jātaka─>jataka─ B 42 (the actual form here being jatara─), B 45, B 48,
B 51 etc.
Sk. Sthāna─>*Ṭhāna─> Ṭana─ A 127.
Sk. rājan─> [nā]garajā B 36.
Sk. ārāmaka─>arāmaka─ B 72. Also in the following instances matu A 28,
A 120, Samidatā─ A 122, Samika─ or Samaka─ A 6, A 41, A 66, bhanaka─ A 36, A 61, Anaṁda─ A 50, and Bībikanadikaṭa A 21, A 22. (Perhaps
in this last instance ā in Bimbikā becomes short as at the end of the first
member of a compound.)
One wonders whether these instances suggest a slightly appreciable tendency to
pronounce the first syllable short, as the following instances perhaps show a tendency to
pronounce the second syllable short : Āgaraju[1] A 1, Agaraju A 2, Biḍala B 42, Sujata B 50, avayesi B 51, Asaḍā B 64. In the instances vijadhara─ B 61, Muhamukhi─ A 42, and Mahakoka B 12 the change has occurred in compound.
(V) The change of ā>i in Venuvagimiyā (Sk. Veṇukagrāma─) is not certain, as Lüders,
is inclined to read Venuvagāmiyā.
§ 7. Treatment of the Sk. vowel i: The vowel is fairly well preserved. The changes,
that occur are rather sporadic and have no general application.
(I) Change i>ī before a cluster. The only illustrations are : Bībikanadikaṭa A 22
(if its derivation from Bimbikānadīkaṭa is correct). Mahendrasena─>*Mahiddasena─ >Mahīdasena─ A 13. But we find that the short vowel is preserved in such
cases as Idadevā A 19, A 45.
(II) Change i>e before a cluster, observed only in Vesabhu─ (Viśvabhū─) B 14 and Anādhapeḍika─(-piṇḍika-) B 22. The same change, but not before a cluster,
is perhaps to be seen in Kasabeyekā─ (Kauśāmbeyikā─) A 52 (but Lüders is
inclined to read kosabeyikaya), and in śrī─>seri─ A 100 (see, however, f.n. 3
to A 100, p.52).
(III) Writing of i as a, obviously due to the negligence on the part of the scribe to
attach i vowel mark, is seen in chetaya (for chetiya<chaitya) B 68, Samaka─
(svāmi─) A 66, Moragirami (giri─) A 26, and timigala B 62 (but Lüders pro-
poses to read timiṁgila).
(IV) Change u due to assimilation in u[su] (kāro) (ishu)-B 56, and Susupālo
(Śiśupāla─) B 72.
§ 8. Treatment of the long vowel i: This vowel is mostly shortened before the gen.
sg. term., in the compound formation, in suffixes and occasionally before a consonant
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Perhaps an instance of metatheses. But we may also read Agaraju; see § 5 (I), p. XV.
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