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The Indian Analyst
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North Indian Inscriptions |
INSCRIPTIONS OF THE PARAMARAS OF MALWA a Brahmapurī, with the permission of his master, to Brāhmaṇas ––a city furnished with the surrounding wall and street (prākāra and pratōlī), sixteen temples surmounted with jars of gold and containing several apartments, a guest-house, one temple for gods (gura-sura-sadana), and a stepped well (v. 66). ...The prose portion that follows (11. 96-134) deals with the charities made by the iAnayasiṁha who is stated to have been endowed with all the regnal titles, and the record also states the conditions of the grant. Here we are told that on the date, which we have seen above, the donor, after taking his bath and having worshipped the Pārvatī-patī (Śiva), announced his order to the royal officials and the residents including the Brāhmaṇas, paṭṭakilas and the others who were associated with the villages of Kumhaḍāüdā and Vālaudā in the pratijāgaraṇaka of Vardhamānapura, Vaghāḍī in the Saptāśīti, and Nāṭiyā in that of Nāgadaha. Anayasiṁha, with his four sons whose names are mentioned as Kamalasiṁha, Dhārasiṁha, Jaitrasiṁha, and Padmasiṁha in (11. 94-95), donated shares of land in the aforementioned four villages in favour of a number of Brāhmaṇas hailing from different localities and residing at the Brahmapurī (Brāhmaṇa settlement) at the fort of Māndhātā. The record also states that the four villages were divided into sixteen shares, fourteen of which were made over to as many Brāhmaṇas, giving one share to each, and the rest two of the shares were kept by Anayasiṁha for his own self. The reason for keeping these two shares by the donor for himself is not mentioned in the record ; and it is possible, as pointed out by Dr. Sircar, by citing some other examples, that he may have purchased these villages to create a Brahmapurī (rent-free-Brāhmaṇa- settlement) at the locality. [1]
...In each case the original gives the gōtra and pravaras of the donee, the names of his father and grandfather, his place of origin and the Vēda, or Vedic Śākhā. The donees are also distinguished by certain epithets which are prefixed to their names. In alphabetical order these epithets are : ava (avasathin) ; cha (chaturvēda or –vēdin); dī (dīkshita) ; dvi (dvivēda or –din) ; paṁ (paṁ- ḍita, i.e., Paṇḍit); pā (pāṭhaka); śu (śukla); tri (trivēda, or trivēdin) ; and upā (Upādhyāya). The epithet Miśra is given completely in 1. 101. ... An abstract list of the donees is given below, at the end. From that list it will be seen that their number was 14 ; and also that ten of them had emigrated from Ṭakārī, two from Ṭēṇī, and one each from Lashaṇapura and Tōlāpauha. We also find that in the case of four (Nos. 5, 11, 12 and 14), the same epithet is borne by himself, his father, and his grandfather ; in three cases (Nos. 3, 8 and 13), the grandfather and father have the same epithet but the donee a different one ; in one case (No. 7), that of the father differs ; and, in the two remaining cases (Nos. 4 and 9), the epithet of all the persons differs. In one case (No. 6), the epithets of the father and the grandfather are not mentioned. ... After giving all these details, the record mentions the conditions of the grant, as to be found in the other plates of the Paramāras. This account is followed by four imprecatory stanzas (verses 68-71), which are not numbered, as stated above. And the next stanza, which is the last of the inscription, states that is was composed by Śrīkaṇṭha, who was a member of the assembly of Jayavarman and Trivēdin by heritage (kulakrama-āyāta), and appointed by the king himself. In the end, we have a sentence in prose, which mentions that the record was engraved by Kānhaka. [2]
...
Most of the geographical names figuring in the inscription are well known ; and they are
only enumerated here. Rēvā (11. 9 and 13) is the Narmadā, and Kāverī is a branch of the
same, bifurcating from it just before the mount and again joining it after enclosing it at its end.
Māndhātā, where the deity Ōṁkārēśvara is shrined in a temple and which is also mentioned as a
Mount with a rampart (11. 10, 13, 82 and 86), is the well-known place in the Khaṇḍwā District,
as already seen ; and Dhārā (11. 23 and 33), Mālava (1. 30) and Vindhya (1. 70) are known by
their old names even to this day. Maṇḍapa (1. 83) is Māṇḍū in the Dhār District, Bhillasvāmipura (1. 63) has been identified with the modern Bhilsā, or Vidishā ; and Dēvapālapura (1. 80)
[1] For the other examples, see Sircar, op. cit., p. 140.
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