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The Indian Analyst
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North Indian Inscriptions |
INSCRIPTIONS OF THE PARAMARAS OF MALWA UJJAIN COPPER-PLATE INSCRIPTION OF BHOJADEVA a tail of the fore-limb, as in vibhartti tāṁ and sirasā, both in 1.1, and mahārāja in 1.5. The from of bh is transitional ; its different forms may be noted in vibhartti, 1.1, bhaṭṭāraka, 1.3 and asmābhiḥ, 1. 10. The consonant y is occasionally confounded with s, as will be noted from the read- ing of the text below. ...The language of the record is Sanskrit and it is partly in prose and partly in poetry. There are nine verses ; they are not numbered. ...In respect of orthography, we have to state that (1) the sign for v denotes b as well, as in vibhartti, 1.1 ; (2) the dental sibilant is wrongly put for the palatal in sirasā, 1.1, vansa, 1. 21, yasas-, 1.23 and 1.25 ; (3) taḍichchhalila is wrongly put for taḍitsalila,1.25, punya for puṇya, 1.18 and parayasashparipālanaṁ for parayaśaḥparipālanaṁ, 1.25 ; (4) The visarga at the end of vilōpyāḥ, the last word in a verse in 1.29, is dropped in view of the following i in iti ;(5) the tendency to use the parasavarṇa more, even wrongly in some instances, e.g., aindavīnsirasā, 1. 1, bhagavantan- bhavānīpatiṁ, 1, 10, idam-vasudhā, 1.11, sansāra, 1.13 and samvat, 1.29 ;(6) occasionally the use of the sign for anusvāra at the end of a sentence or a hemistich, as in tām, 1.1, phalaṁ, 1. 14 and samupanētavyaṁ, 1.20 ; (7) in there instences in 11. 12, 15 and 22 the visarga is changed to s when followed by the same letter ; and (8) no sandhi is made in the lines showing the details of the donee in 11. 17-18 where punctuation marks are often inserted. ...As is the case with some of the Paramāra charters, the present one opens with the auspicious symbol which is followed by two stanzas in praise of Vyōmakēśa and Smarārāti (both meaning Śiva). It then introduces the donor, Paramabhaṭṭāraka, Mahārājādhirāja and Paramēśvara, the illustrious Bhōjadēva, the successor of the P.M.P. the illustrious Sīndhurāja, the successor of the P.M.P. the illustrious Vākpatīrāja, who was the successor of the illustrious Sīyakadēva. The object of the record is to issue the grant by Bhōjadēva, from his stay at Dhārā, of the village of Vīrāṇaka,[1] situated in the Nāgahrada-paśchima-pathaka (11. 6.7), to Dhanapati-bhaṭṭa, a son of Bhaṭṭa-Govinda, [2] a Karṇāṭaka Brāhmaṇa of the Āśvalāyana śākhā, Agasti gōtra and three pravaras, who had hailed from Śrīvaḍa, situated in Vēlluvalla (11. 16-18).
...The date of the record is expressed in words, in 11.8-9, to be atīt-āshṭasaptaty-adhika-sāhas- rika-saṁvatsarē māgh-āsita-tṛitīyāyām=udagayana-parvvaṇi, i.e. on Sunday, the third day of the dark half of the Māgha of the (Vikrama) year 1076, when there was the parva known as Udagayana. The calculation of the Christian equivalent of the date presents a problem, as already shown by Kielhorn ; and taking the V.1078 expired, pūrṇimānta, when the third tithi of the dark half commenced on Sunday, he observed that “the ceremonies commenced with the Uttarāyaṇa-saṁ- Krānti, which took place late on Saturday, had to be deferred to the Sunday, and were permitted to be performed on the day even after the commencement of the third tithi ; and the Sunday may, therefore, have been joined here with the (third) tithi which commenced on it’’, at 3 h. 24 m., after mean sunrise. But as the Uttarāyaṇa-saṁkrānti took place during the second tithi when Sunday also was civilly the second, the same scholar also held that the third tithi may have been put erroneously for the second.[3] Of both these alternatives, we prefer to take the first, as it does not involve any error, and the corresponding Christian equivalent would be 24th December, 1021 A.C. ...The genealogy given in the record adds nothing new to our knowledge and no new historical information can be gleaned from the contents of the charter. After mentioning the usual terms, as to be found in the previous charter, there are five imprecatory stanzas, as in the other cases, in 11. 22-29 ; and after mentioning the second of the dates, as seen above, the document is concluded with the words meaning ‘ordered by self, prosperity and great fortune (may attend)’ and the sign-manual of the king and with another date when the plates were issued.
...Of the geographical names mentioned in the inscription, Dhārā (1.10) is evidently the
Paramāra capital Dhār, the headquarters of a district of the same name in Madhya Pradesh. Nāgahrada (1.6) is apparently the same as Nāgjhirī, a stream flowing in the vicinity of Ujjain
and included within the Pañchakrōśī-yātrā around this city. This identification is corrobated by
the fact that the plates bearing the present record are said to have been dug out in a field adjoining to this stream, as stated in the beginning of this article. Nāgahrada-paśchimapathaka thus
[1] 9 appended to the text below.
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