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The Indian Analyst
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South Indian Inscriptions |
EPIGRAPHIA INDICA EIGHT INSCRIPTIONS OF KADAVARAYA CHIEFS Rājarāja III. It must be somewhere about this time, probably soon after the Teḷḷāru battle, that Maṇavāḷapperumāḷ became king and reigned perhaps for a decade. In the Tiruvēndipuram inscription we find the Chōḷa or Hoysaḷa version of a part of the success of the enemies of Peruñjiṅga. It was a single episode in a long struggle. In Maṇavāḷapperumāḷ’s time, Peruñjiṅga must have put down Madhurāntaka Pottapi-Chōḷa Tikka, who, like Narasiṁha II, came to share the title of ‘Chōḷarājya-sthāpanāchārya’ in about A. D. 1232. Tikka’s successor became a subordinate of the all-powerful Kāḍava Kōpperuñjiṅga and a new enemy of the ally arose in Kākatīya Gaṇapati almost in the very year of the accession of Vijayagaṇḍagōpāla, i.e., A. D. 1249-50, and it was left to the Kāḍava to deal with him also. The success of his arms gave him the possession of the region further north of Kāñchī as is clearly vouchsafed by Mahārājasiṁha’s inscriptions in Tripurāntakam and Drākshārāma. The politic Kāḍava set up prince Nīlagaṅgaraiyan to safeguard his own interest and that of his ally Vijayagaṇḍagōpāla. Thus far we have noticed the inscriptions of Rājarāja III and his predecessors which speak of the ancestors of Kōpperuñjiṅga. Now about the later members of the family. In editing the Tiruvēndipuram inscription, the late Dr. Hultzsch made out that Nīlagaṅgaraiyan was a son of Kōpperuñjiṅga.[1] There is a bilingual inscription[2] dated in the 22nd year of the reign of Vijayagaṇḍagōpāla (A. D. 1272) found in the Aruḷāḷaperumāḷ temple at Conjeeveram in which a chief styled Bhūpālanōdbhava Nīlagaṅganṛipa figures. The Tamil portion of the record calls him Puviyāḷappirandān Nīlagaṅgaraiyan of Āmūr. The title Puvi(or Avani)yāḷappirandān and the place Āmūr with which the chief is connected suggest that he may be a prince of the Kāḍava family of Kūḍal ; and the date is indicative of the fact of his having flourished in the time of Kōpperuñjuṅga. It seems likely that Avaniyāḷappirandān Nīlagaṅgaraiyan whose son Alagiya Tiruchchirrambalamuḍaiyān Nīlagaṅgaraiyan and queen Naṅgai-Ālvār are referred to in the 2nd and 27th years of the reign of Kōpperuñjiṅga,[3] was the son of Kōpperuñjiṅga.
A certain Piḷḷaiyār Pañchanadivāṇan Nīlagaṅgaraiyan is referred to as the father of Aruṇagiripperumāḷ and as the husband of Perumāḷ Nāchchi and Śōliṅga Nāchchi in three other inscriptions dated in the 19th4 and 30th5 years of the reign of Kōpperuñjiṅga and the 10th6 year of Vijayagaṇḍagōpāla. This Nīlagaṅgaraiyan has been identified with Kōpperuñjiṅga’s son by the late Dr. Hultzsch.7 The additional epithet Pañchanadivāṇan given to the chief in these records does not seem to be quite favourable to the identification. Though we cannot be positive as regards this chief being a Kāḍava, it seems that the association of the title Avani(Puvi)yāḷappirandān and Āmūr with Nīlagaṅgaraiyan is a better ground for determining him as the Kāḍava chief of Kūḍal. In this connection, it may be useful to remember that a chief named Pañchanadivāṇan Nīlagaṅgaraiyan, the protector of Kāñchī (Conjeeveram) and Mallai (Mahābalipuram) figures as early as the reign of Kulōttuṅga I,8 and probably was his subordinate : the region over which he had authority which is the same as that of Vēṇāvuḍaiyān to be mentioned below, would be favourable for his inclusion in the family of the Kāḍavas of Kūḍal. _______________________________
[1]Above, Vol. VII, p. 166. Piḷḷaiyār Nīlagaṅgaraiyar himself, is mentioned in a record from Tiruvaḍisūlam | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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