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The Indian Analyst
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North Indian Inscriptions |
INSCRIPTIONS OF THE SILAHARAS OF KOLHAPUR
this, another squatting figure, full front, with uplifted hands; still further to the right, a pitcher; on the left of the central Jina, a cow and a calf; above these, the sun (on left) and the moon (on right). Underneath this is the inscribed area, about 3 ft. 1 in, (93.98 cm.) broad and 2 ft. 2 ½ in. (67.31 cm.) high. The inscription has been noticed in Major Graham’s Statistical Report on the Principality of Kolhāpur, p. 357, Journal of the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, Vol. II (Old Series), p. 266, and Kielhorn’s List of Southern Inscriptions, No. 319. A transcript of it was given in Elliot’s Collection (Vol. II, fol. 313a., of the Royal Asiatic Society’s copy).’ The record was later edited with a translation, but without a facisimile, by Dr. L.D. Barnett in the Epigraphia Indica., Vol. XIX, pp. 30 f. It is edited here from an excellent estampage supplied by the Chief Epigraphist. ..The characters are of the Old-Kannaḍa alphabet. The record consists of 33 lines, and is in a good state of preservation. The language, except for the initial verse in praise of the teaching of Jina[2], which is in Sanskrit, is Old-Kannaḍa. The record is in prose, containing many Sanskrit expressions in the initial portion which is in eulogy the Śilāhāra king Gaṇḍarāditya and his feudatory Nimbadēvarasa, and pure Kannaḍa ones in the formal portion at the end. As Dr. Barnett has observed, ‘Lexically the record is valuable; it contains many rare words of daily life, such as the titles of various classes of traders and other words, e.g. mudgoḍe, line 10, sāsaniga, and kājagāra, line 22, hasara as a measure of capacity, lines 26, 29 ff., 32, saṁgaḍi, line 27, māḷave, lines 27, 28, karuse, bīsige, laṁka, and maravi, line 28, daṇḍige, lines 31-32, and hūṭe, line 32[3]’. The record closes with an imprecatory statement in lines 57-59.
.. The inscription refers itself to the reign of the Śiḷāhāra king of Kolhāpur, the Mahāmaṇḍalēśvara Gaṇḍarāditya, who bears the birudas noticed in his own and his successors’ inscriptions. He is described as governing his kingdom from the permanent camp at Vaḷavāḍa and as diverting his mind with pleasant conversation. The record next mentions and describes his Sāmanta-śirōmaṇi (Chief Feudatory) Nimbadēvarasa[4] as one who had obtained the right to the five mahāśabdas, who was the right hand of the king Gaṇḍarāditya, and had obtained a victory over the Sāmantas of the Toṇḍai country, and as a devout Jaina who had obtained a boon by the grace of the divine Padmāvatī. He had built a temple of Pārśvanātha at Kavaḍegoḷḷa.
..
The object of the present inscription is to record certain taxes and dues
levied by the Trading Corporation of the Vīra-Baṇañjas and certain merchants and
representatives of towns such as those of Kollāpuram, Miriñje, Torambage, Mayisige, house-hold officer of the Maṇḍalēśvara (evidently Nimbadēvarasa) and the head of the
temple of the Sun in Kuṇḍipaṭṭaṇa, on certain commodities sold in the market-place
Baḷeyavaṭtaṇa, Kavaḍegoḷḷa as well as the royal merchant of Gaṇḍarāditya, the
house-hold officers of the Maṇḍalēśvara (evidently Nimbadēvarasa) and the head of the
temple of the Sun in Kuṇḍipaṭṭaṇa, on certain commodities sold in the market-place,
evidently, of Kavaḍegoḷḷa, for the worship, with eight offerings[4], of the Tīrthaṅkara
Pārśvanātha in the aforementioned temple constructed by Nimbadēvarasa, the repairs
of the temple, and the supply of food to the ascetics living there. The dues were levied in
cash or kind on weights and measures as well as on loads, carried on head or in carts, of various
articles of food as well as on fruits, flowers etc. Some other dues were on the articles manufactured and sold in the shops of cloth-merchants, goldsmiths, carpenters and potters. The gift
[1] Ep. Ind., Vol. XIX, p. 31.
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