The Indian Analyst
 

South Indian Inscriptions

 

 

Contents

Index

Introduction

Contents

List of Plates

Additions and Corrections

Images

Contents

Altekar, A. S

Bhattasali, N. K

Barua, B. M And Chakravarti, Pulin Behari

Chakravarti, S. N

Chhabra, B. CH

Das Gupta

Desai, P. B

Gai, G. S

Garde, M. B

Ghoshal, R. K

Gupte, Y. R

Kedar Nath Sastri

Khare, G. H

Krishnamacharlu, C. R

Konow, Sten

Lakshminarayan Rao, N

Majumdar, R. C

Master, Alfred

Mirashi, V. V

Mirashi, V. V., And Gupte, Y. R

Narasimhaswami, H. K

Nilakanta Sastri And Venkataramayya, M

Panchamukhi, R. S

Pandeya, L. P

Raghavan, V

Ramadas, G

Sircar, Dines Chandra

Somasekhara Sarma

Subrahmanya Aiyar

Vats, Madho Sarup

Venkataramayya, M

Venkatasubba Ayyar

Vaidyanathan, K. S

Vogel, J. Ph

Index.- By M. Venkataramayya

Other South-Indian Inscriptions 

Volume 1

Volume 2

Volume 3

Vol. 4 - 8

Volume 9

Volume 10

Volume 11

Volume 12

Volume 13

Volume 14

Volume 15

Volume 16

Volume 17

Volume 18

Volume 19

Volume 20

Volume 22
Part 1

Volume 22
Part 2

Volume 23

Volume 24

Volume 26

Volume 27

Tiruvarur

Darasuram

Konerirajapuram

Tanjavur

Annual Reports 1935-1944

Annual Reports 1945- 1947

Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum Volume 2, Part 2

Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum Volume 7, Part 3

Kalachuri-Chedi Era Part 1

Kalachuri-Chedi Era Part 2

Epigraphica Indica

Epigraphia Indica Volume 3

Epigraphia
Indica Volume 4

Epigraphia Indica Volume 6

Epigraphia Indica Volume 7

Epigraphia Indica Volume 8

Epigraphia Indica Volume 27

Epigraphia Indica Volume 29

Epigraphia Indica Volume 30

Epigraphia Indica Volume 31

Epigraphia Indica Volume 32

Paramaras Volume 7, Part 2

Śilāhāras Volume 6, Part 2

Vākāṭakas Volume 5

Early Gupta Inscriptions

Archaeological Links

Archaeological-Survey of India

Pudukkottai

EPIGRAPHIA INDICA

remains unaltered with a few unimportant verbal alterations, and were all found within a narrow circumscribed area of what may be called Northern Kaliṅga. This is all the more striking as these plates cover a fairly long period extending from the 7th to the 12th century A.D. The eleven kings, whose names are known from these records, certainly did not rule in an unbroken line of succession, but they probably belonged to one and the same branch of the extensive Gaṅga family which had established itself at Śvētaka.

Paleographic examination of the plates enables as to place these Gaṅga kings within three broad chronological periods as follows :[1]

I. About 7th and 8th centuries A.D.

1. M. Sāmantavarman (Nos. I, II).
2. M. Indravarman (No. III).
3. M. Jayavarman (No. IV).[2]

II. 9th and 10th centuries A.D.

4. M. Indravarman II (No. V).
5. Rāṇaka Jayavarman II (No. VI).
6. MPP. Bhūpēndravarman (No. VII).
7. MPP. Anantavarman (No. VIII).

III, 11th and 12th centuries A.D.<

8. Mahīndravarman (No. IX).
9. M. Pṛithivivarman, son of No. 8 (No. IX).
10. MPP. Indravarman, son of No. 9 (Nos. X, XI).
11. PPM. Rāṇaka Dānārṇava (No. XII).

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The family name Ga?ga and the reference to the deity Gokar?asvami on mount Mahendra, in the records of the Svetaka kings, seem to connect them with the early Ga?ga rulers of Kali?ganagara. At the same time there is hardly any doubt that they constituted an independent line of rulers[3] for a period extending over neatly five hundred years, i.e. almost during the whole period of the sovereignty of the other branch. As none of the localities mentioned in the records of the Svetaka kings has been satisfactorily identified, it is difficult to define the boundaries of their kingdom. As most of the plates were found in the northern part of the Ganjam District, and the sanctity of Mahendra hills is emphasised in all the records, the Svetaka kingdom may be regarded as having comprised the northern and western parts of the Ganjam District, just outside and bordering on the Ga?ga kingdom of Kali?ga-nagara, and adjoining territories towards the north and west. It is probable that occasionally this boundary was enlarged as-some powerful kings aggrandised themselves at the cost of their neighbours. This explains, and is supported by, the assumption The family name Gaṅga and the reference to the deity Gōkarṇasvāmī on mount Mahēndra, in the records of the Śvētaka kings, seem to connect them with the early Gaṅga rulers of Kaliṅganagara. At the same time there is hardly any doubt that they constituted an independent line of rulers[3] for a period extending over neatly five hundred years, i.e. almost during the whole period of the sovereignty of the other branch. As none of the localities mentioned in the records of the Śvētaka kings has been satisfactorily identified, it is difficult to define the boundaries of their kingdom. As most of the plates were found in the northern part of the Ganjam District, and the sanctity of Mahēndra hills is emphasised in all the records, the Śvētaka kingdom may be regarded as having comprised the northern and western parts of the Ganjam District, just outside and bordering on the Gaṅga kingdom of Kaliṅga-nagara, and adjoining territories towards the north and west. It is probable that occasionally this boundary was enlarged as-some powerful kings aggrandised themselves at the cost of their neighbours. This explains, and is supported by, the assumption

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[1] The Roman numerals refer to the serial number of inscriptions in the preceding footnote. The following abbreviations are used :─ M─Mahārāja. MPP─Mahārājādhirāja Paramēśvara Paramabhaṭṭāraka. PPM─Paramēśvara Paramabhaṭṭāraka Mahārājādhirāja.
[2] The grant published in I. H. Q., Vol. XII, p. 492, was also probably issued by this king as a subordinate ruler.
[3] Dr. H. C. Ray does not distinguish the two branches, but treats all the kings as belonging to one and the same line (Dynastic Hist. of N. India, Vol. I, p. 448). It should be remembered, however, that all the grant of the Gaṅga kings of the other line, with two exceptions, were issued from Kaliṅga-nagara, and begin with a set phrase which is different from that used in the Śvētaka records. Not a single king of Kaliṅga-nagara is known to have issued grants from Śvētaka or vice versâ.

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